Journal: Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition

Article Title: A mixed antioxidant supplement improves cognitive function, and coordination in aged mice

doi: 10.3164/jcbn.23-71

Figure Lengend Snippet: Twendee Mt Control improves cognitive function in aged mice, as assessed by the Morris water maze. The time-to-goal (escape latency) in the Morris water maze test is shown in (A). The ratio of platform-staying time in the platform quadrant is shown in (B). The swimming speed (Day 5) is shown in (C). Twendee Mt Control-treated aged mice (Aged + TwM; n = 7) were tested, and age-matched control mice (Aged; n = 7) were used as a normal aged group. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, vs the age-matched control group. The data are shown as mean ± SE. Statistical analysis of goal time was performed using a two-way analysis of variance (A). Statistical analyses of the swimming speed, and the ratio of staying time in the platform quadrant were performed using two-tailed non-paired Student’s t tests (B, C).

Article Snippet: Cognitive function such as learning ability was assessed using a Morris water maze apparatus. ( , ) The maze apparatus (120 cm in diameter and 30 cm in height; #MWM-04M; Muromachi Kikai Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) consisted of a pool constructed of acrylic resin.

Techniques: Control, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Pharmaceuticals

Article Title: Activation of SIRT-1 Pathway by Nanoceria Sheds Light on Its Ameliorative Effect on Doxorubicin-Induced Cognitive Impairment (Chemobrain): Restraining Its Neuroinflammation, Synaptic Dysplasticity and Apoptosis

doi: 10.3390/ph15080918

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of nanoceria treatment on DOX-induced behavioral changes: ( A ) Step-through passive avoidance for the training session and test session. ( B ) Locomotor activity. No significant difference was found between the different groups. ( C ) Morris water maze test (escape latency) during the four training days. Rats treated with DOX were slower in finding the platform. ( D ) Morris water maze test (time spent in target quadrant). DOX-treated rats spent less time in the target quadrant, while nanoceria co-treatment increased the time spent in the target quadrant. Passive avoidance data are elucidated as medians and interquartile ranges and analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s post hoc test. Meanwhile, results for ( C ) are presented as mean ± SD and statistically investigated utilizing two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-tests at p < 0.05. Data for ( B , D ) are showed as mean ± SD. Statistical comparison between the different groups was performed employing one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-test. *** p < 0.001 and ** p < 0.01 vs. control group, ### p < 0.001 and ## p < 0.01 vs. DOX group.

Article Snippet: We conducted the MWM test for 4 consecutive days for training and on the 5th day, for the test, we put the rats into the Morris water maze apparatus (302050-WM/1800, TSE Systems, Berlin, Germany), with a white circular pool (180 cm in diameter and 60 cm in height, filled with water at 26 ± 1 °C).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Comparison, Control

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Tocotrienols Influence Body Weight Gain and Brain Protein Expression in Long-Term High-Fat Diet-Treated Mice

doi: 10.3390/ijms21124533

Figure Lengend Snippet: Assessment of cognitive function of each treatment group using the Rota rod test ( A ), the Morris water maze test ( B ), ratio of swimming time in platform quadrant ( C ), and average swimming speed ( D ). Learning ability was calculated from the goal time of each mouse. CD = Control diet ( n = 14), CD + T3s = CD + T3 mix ( n = 16), HFD = high-fat diet ( n = 15), HFD + T3s = high-fat diet + T3 mix ( n = 13). Data are expressed as mean ± SE.

Article Snippet: The Morris water maze apparatus (Muromachi Kikai Co., Ltd.) (140 cm in diameter and 45 cm in height) consists of a pool constructed of acrylic resin.

Techniques: Control